/i:/

英语音标/i:/表示长元音/i/，如 "eat" 中的 /i:/ 与 "it" 中的短元音/i/ 是两个不同的音素。在单词中，/i:/通常由字母组合"ee"，以及"ea"和"e"等形式表示。

/?/

英语音标/?/表示短元音/i/，如"hit"中的/?/。它出现在许多常用的单词和词组中，如"in","it","is"等。

/e/

英语音标/e/是一个低前不圆唇元音，如"bet"中的/e/。在英语中，/e/通常由字母组合"e"、"ea"、"ee"、"ei"和"ey"等形式表示。

/?/

英语音标/?/是一个低前不圆唇元音，如"cat"中的/?/。它通常由字母"a"和字母组合"ai"、"ei"、"ie"、"oa"、"ou"和"u"等形式表示。

/ɑ:/

英语音标/ɑ:/表示长元音/ɑ/，如在"father"中的/ɑ:/。它通常由字母组合"a"和"ar"等形式表示。

/?/

英语音标/?/是一个低中央元音，如"cup"中的/?/。它通常由字母"u"和字母组合"o"和"ou"等形式表示。

/?/

英语音标/?/是一个中央元音，如"about"中的/?/。它通常由字母"e"和字母组合"o"、"a"、"i"和"u"等形式表示。

/?:/

英语音标/?:/表示长元音/?/，如"born"中的/?:/。它通常由字母"o"和字母组合"au"和"aw"等形式表示。

/?/

英语音标/?/表示短元音/?/，如"put"中的/?/。它通常由字母"u"和字母组合"oo"和"ou"等形式表示。

/u:/

英语音标/u:/表示长元音/u/，如"boot"中的/u:/。它通常由字母"u"和字母组合"oo"和"ou"等形式表示。

/e?/

英语音标/e?/表示双元音/e/和/?/的组合，如"day"中的/e?/。

/a?/

英语音标/a?/表示双元音/?/和/?/的组合，如"like"中的/a?/。

/??/

英语音标/??/表示双元音/?/和/?/的组合，如"boy"中的/??/。

/a?/

英语音标/a?/表示双元音/?/和/?/的组合，如"house"中的/a?/。

/i?/

英语音标/i?/表示双元音/i/和/?/的组合，如"here"中的/i?/。

/e?/

英语音标/e?/表示双元音/e/和/?/的组合，如"there"中的/e?/。

/??/

英语音标/??/表示双元音/?/和/?/的组合，如"near"中的/??/。

/??/

英语音标/??/表示双元音/?/和/?/的组合，如"tour"中的/??/。

/??/

英语音标/??/表示双元音/?/和/o/的组合，如"go"中的/??/。

/a??/

英语音标/a??/表示三元音/a?/和/?/的组合，如"fire"中的/a??/。

/e??/

英语音标/e??/表示三元音/e?/和/?/的组合，如"layer"中的/e??/。

/???/

英语音标/???/表示三元音/??/和/?/的组合，如"employer"中的/???/。

/a??/

英语音标/a??/表示三元音/a?/和/?/的组合，如"power"中的/a??/。

/?/、/ɑ:/、/?:/、/?/、/a?/、/a?/、/e/、/?:/、/?/、/i:/、/o?/、/??/、/?/、/u:/、/?/、/?/、/?/、/θ/、/e/、/?/、/?/、/t?/、/d?/、/?/、/j/、/w/、/r/、/l/、/m/、/n/、/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/g/、/f/、/v/、/s/、/z/、/h/、/?/、/?/、/?/

英语作为世界上使用最为广泛的语言之一，其国际音标数目之多，而且每一个音标都有自己的特点和发音方法。下面，我们将逐一介绍这些国际音标。

/?/

/?/音是英语中十分常见的一个元音音素，发音时嘴巴要张开，牙齿分开，舌头向下压低。例如cat（猫）、bag（袋子）等单词的第一个音就是/?/音。

/ɑ:/

/ɑ:/是英语中另一种常见的元音音素，发音时，嘴巴完全张开，舌头自然放置在口腔的中间位置，如father（父亲）。

/?:/

/?:/音也是英语中的一个元音音素，发音时，嘴巴形成一个圆形，牙齿分开，舌头自然放置在口腔的中间位置，如more（更多）。

/?/

/?/音在英语中比较少见，这个音的发音方式与/?:/音相似，但发音时要把嘴巴稍微收窄一点，舌头放在口腔的后部，如hot（热）。

/a?/

/a?/音是英语中的一个双元音音素，发音时先发出/a/音，再将舌头向上抬起，嘴巴呈现“艾”字形，发出/i/音，如sky（天空）。

/a?/

/a?/音也是一个双元音音素，发音时，先发出/a/音，然后将口型向外突出，发出/u/音，如cow（奶牛）。

/e/

/e/音是英语中的一个前元音音素，发音时要使舌头前部抬高，嘴巴微微张开，如pet（宠物）。

/?:/

/?:/音也是英语中的一个元音音素，发音时要使嘴巴形成一个圆形，舌尖抬起，舌中部下降，如bird（鸟）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个前元音音素，发音时嘴巴不需要张得太大，舌头不需要抬得太高，如bit（位）。

/i:/

/i:/音是英语中的一个高元音，发音时舌头向上抬起，嘴巴张得很大，如bee（蜜蜂）。

/o?/

/o?/音也是一个双元音音素，发音时先发出/o/音，然后向上抬起嘴角，形成/o/音到/i/音的过渡，如go（去）。

/??/

/??/音也是一个双元音音素，发音时先发出/?:/音，然后将口型向外突出，发出/i/音，如boy（男孩）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个后元音，发音时嘴巴微微张开，舌头放在口腔的中间位置，如book（书）。

/u:/

/u:/音也是英语中的一个高元音，发音时将口型尽量向前突出，嘴巴张得极大，如blue（蓝色）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个前元音，发音时嘴巴张开，舌头放在口腔的前部，如bed（床）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个中央元音，也被称为弱读，发音时嘴巴不需要过分张开，舌头放在口腔的中央位置，如sofa（沙发）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个中央元音，发音时嘴巴略微张开，舌头放在口腔的中部位置，如cup（杯子）。

/θ/

/θ/音是英语中的半元音，发音时舌头要伸出口腔外，放在最前面的牙齿之间，气流从口腔中间流出，如think（思考）。

/e/

/e/音和/θ/音类似，不同之处在于其发音时需要露出上牙齿，如this（这个）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个辅音，发音时嘴巴半开，舌头向上卷，气流从舌后流出，如she（她）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的另一个辅音，发音时嘴巴要稍微张开，舌头自然卷起，气流从舌后流出，如vision（想象）。

/t?/

/t?/音是英语中的一个辅音，发音时先发/t/音，再快速转换成/?/音，如chat（聊天）。

/d?/

/d?/音是英语中的另一个辅音，发音时先发/d/音，再快速转换成/?/音，如judge（法官）。

/?/

/?/音是英语中的一个鼻音，发音时先张开嘴巴，将舌头放在口腔的后部，然后将口腔尽量向上抬起，形成鼻音，如sing（唱歌）。

/j/

/j/音也是英语中的一个半元音，发音时舌头抬高，向上贴在硬腭上，形成半元音音，如year（年份）。

/w/

/w/音是英语中的另一个半元音，发音时双唇圆括，舌头自然放置在口腔中央位置，如winter（冬季）。

/r/

/r/音是英语中的一个辅音，发音时嘴巴略微张开，舌头向上卷起，气流从舌后流出，如red（红色）。

/l/

/l/音也是英语中的一个辅音，发音时嘴巴要半开，舌头抵住上齿龈，气流从舌侧流出，如love（爱）。

/m/

/m/音是英语中的一个辅音，发音时双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔中流出，如man（男人）。

/n/

/n/音也是英语中的一个辅音，发音时抬起舌头，贴住硬腭，气流从鼻腔中流出，如now（现在）。

/p/

/p/音是英语中的一个爆破音，发音时首先闭上双唇，然后突然打开，气流猛然散发，如pen（笔）。

/b/

/b/音也是英语中的一个爆破音，发音时嘴唇要闭合，然后突然打开，气流猛然散发，如boy（男孩）。

/t/

/t/音是英语中的一个爆破音，发音时嘴巴要紧闭，舌头贴住上齿龈，然后突然拉开，气流猛然散发，如time（时间）。

/d/

/d/音也是英语中的一个爆破音，发音时首先重复/t/的音，但是要露出上牙齿，然后突然打开，气流猛然散发，如dog（狗）。

/k/

/k/音是英语中的一个破擦音，发音时嘴巴紧闭，舌头贴住上齿龈，然后迅速拉开，发出气流，如cat（猫）。

/g/

/g/音也是英语中的一个破擦音，发音时嘴唇要紧闭，舌头要抵住上齿，然后迅速拉开，发出气流，如get（得到）。

/f/

/f/音是英语中的一个摩擦音，发音时将唇齿贴合，形成气流摩擦的声音，如fox（狐狸）。

/v/

/v/音也是英语中的一个摩擦音，发音时将双唇紧闭，形成气流摩擦的声音，如very（非常）。

/s/

/s/音是英语中的一个摩擦音，发音时将嘴巴微微张开，舌头靠近上齿，发出气流摩擦的声音，如snake（蛇）。

/z/

/z/音也是英语中的一个摩擦音，发音时将唇齿贴合，形成气流摩擦的声音，如zip（拉链）。

/h/

/h/音是英语中的一个辅音，发音时将唇齿贴合，从嘴唇吹气出来，发出呼气声（气流声），如hat（帽子）。

/?/

/?/音，也称失音（glottal stop），是英语中的一个辅音，发音时喉头紧闭，声带不振动，如uh-oh（不妙呀）。

/?/

/?/音，也称为闪音（flap），是英语中的一个半元音，发音时舌尖快速敲击牙龈形成瞬间的振动，如better（更好）。

/?/

/?/音，也称为喉儿音（retroflex），是英语中的一个辅音，发音时舌头向后扁平，紧贴着硬腭，形成清晰的摩擦声，如run（跑）。

/?/

The sound /?/ is found in words like "cat", "hat", and "map". It is a common vowel sound in English and is often represented by the letter "a". This sound is pronounced with the tongue low and forward in the mouth. It is generally a short sound and is often followed by a consonant sound.

/ɑ/

The sound /ɑ/ is found in words like "father", "calm", and "palm". It is a low, back vowel sound that is rounded in some dialects of English. This sound is pronounced with the tongue low and back in the mouth. It is also typically a longer sound than /?/.

/?/

The sound /?/ is found in words like "thought", "law", and "dog". It is a mid-back vowel sound that is rounded in most dialects of English. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a similar position to /ɑ/, but with the lips rounded. Like /ɑ/, it is typically a longer sound than /?/.

/e/

The sound /e/ is found in words like "bed", "set", and "better". It is a mid-front vowel sound that is not rounded. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth. It is generally a shorter sound than /?/ and /ɑ/.

/i/

The sound /i/ is found in words like "bee", "see", and "machine". It is a high-front vowel sound that is not rounded. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth, but with the lips spread wider than for /e/. It is also typically a longer sound than /e/.

/?/

The sound /?/ is found in words like "bit", "ship", and "build". It is a high-front vowel sound that is not rounded. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a slightly lower and slightly further back position in the mouth than for /i/. It is also generally a shorter sound than /i/.

/?/

The sound /?/ is the most common vowel sound in English. It is found in unstressed syllables in words like "banana", "sofa", and "comma". The sound itself is like a neutral or "schwa" sound - it is not typically pronounced very strongly and can vary depending on dialect and emphasis.

/?/

The sound /?/ is found in words like "put", "foot", and "book". It is a high-back vowel sound that is rounded in most dialects of English. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips rounded. It is generally a shorter sound than /u/.

/u/

The sound /u/ is found in words like "blue", "choose", and "shoe". It is a high-back vowel sound that is rounded in most dialects of English. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips rounded to a greater degree than for /?/. It is also typically a longer sound than /?/.

/o?/

The sound /o?/ is found in words like "go", "boat", and "flow". It is a diphthong, or a combination of two different vowel sounds, that starts with /o/ and ends with /?/. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips first rounded and then spread.

/??/

The sound /??/ is found in words like "boy", "enjoy", and "toy". It is also a diphthong that starts with /?/ and ends with /i/. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a mid-back position in the mouth, with the lips rounded for the /?/ sound and then spread for the /i/ sound.

/a?/

The sound /a?/ is found in words like "eye", "pie", and "my". It is another diphthong that starts with /?/ or /ɑ/ and ends with /i/. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth, with the lips first spread and then rounded for the different vowel sounds.

/a?/

The sound /a?/ is found in words like "now", "cow", and "how". It is a diphthong that starts with /?/ or /ɑ/ and ends with /?/. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips first spread and then rounded for the different vowel sounds.

/e?/

The sound /e?/ is found in words like "day", "way", and "may". It is another diphthong that starts with /e/ and ends with /i/. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth, with the lips first spread and then rounded for the different vowel sounds.

/o/

The sound /o/ is found in words like "go", "so", and "no". This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a mid-back position in the mouth and the lips rounded. It is generally not as long of a sound as /o?/ and does not have the vowel shift to /?/ at the end of the sound.

/?/

The sound /?/ is found in words like "but", "ruck", and "stuck". It is a mid-central vowel sound that is typically not rounded. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a low and back position in the mouth, but not as far back as for /?/ or /?/. It is generally a shorter sound than /?/.

/e?r/

The sound /e?r/ is found in words like "where", "hair", and "chair". It is a diphthong that starts with /e/ and ends with a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/??r/

The sound /??r/ is found in words like "here", "fear", and "mere". It is also a diphthong that starts with /?/ and ends with a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a slightly lower and further back position in the mouth than for /e?r/, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/??r/

The sound /??r/ is found in words like "tour", "pure", and "sure". It is a diphthong that starts with /?/ and ends with a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/??r/

The sound /??r/ is found in words like "air", "bare", and "where". It is another diphthong that starts with /?/ and ends with a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and front position in the mouth, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/a??r/

The sound /a??r/ is found in words like "higher", "tire", and "fire". It is a combination of the /a?/ diphthong and a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and forward position in the mouth, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/a??r/

The sound /a??r/ is found in words like "power", "hour", and "flower". It is a combination of the /a?/ diphthong and a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound.

/?r/

The sound /?r/ is found in words like "more", "floor", and "shore". It is a combination of the /?/ vowel sound and a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a mid-back position in the mouth and the lips rounded, with the slight rhotic /r/ sound being added at the end.

/?r/

The sound /?r/ is found in words like "poor", "tour", and "sure". It is a combination of the /?/ vowel sound and a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a high and back position in the mouth and the lips rounded, with the slight rhotic /r/ sound being added at the end.

/?r/

The sound /?r/ is found in words like "mirror", "peer", and "fear". It is a combination of the /?/ vowel sound and a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. This sound is pronounced with the tongue in a slightly lower and further back position in the mouth than for /e?r/, with the lips gradually rounding throughout the sound and the slight rhotic /r/ sound being added at the end.

/?r/

The sound /?r/ is found in words like "butter", "letter", and "sister". It is a neutral or "schwa" sound followed by a slightly rhotic /r/ sound. The sound itself is not typically pronounced very strongly and can vary depending on dialect and emphasis.